|
Article information
2016 , Volume 21, ¹ 1, p.116-126
Rajfeld M.A., Sokolova D.O., Spector A.A.
Passive seismic location: hardware and basic software
The major direction of addressing the protection of unsafe objects as well as the protection of large areas lies in the improvement of the technical means. Among them, ever increasing attention is paid to seismic monitoring tools based on the use of signals of seismic sensors. It is inspired by a number of advantages of such systems and, in particular, their absolute confidentiality. In this paper we will discuss the seismic alarm system. It is shown that when the sensors form a phased array antenna, the detection of the signal source and the estimates of its location are facilitated. Seismic signals reveal the information about movement of an object, its kind as well as its position. Therefore seismic signal processing should target the above mentioned properties. The article describes the statistical methods for optimal processing of seismic signals. The main problems that should be solved by the seismic monitoring systems are formulated, the methods of solving them depending on the specific systems are proposed. So the work shows the different detection methods targeted not only at the objects of a certain type, but rather a universal method of processing that provides high quality regardless of the type of the object. The universal approach has been used for the development of classification method based on the use of statistics, the structure of which does not depend on the type of object. Also, the authors proposed a method for tracing, which has the advantage of getting a recurrence current trajectory estimates, the accuracy of which increases with time of observation. The requirement of signals processing in real time and a high level of the stirring signals caused by the presence of a seismic background are essential. These require the development of appropriate computational techniques based on statistical methods of signal processing.
[full text]
Keywords: seismic location, seismic protection system, a statistical approach, sampling, digital signal processing, classification, detection, statistical estimation
Author(s):
Rajfeld Michael Anatolevich
Dr. , Associate Professor
Position: Professor
Office: Novosibirsk State Technical University
Address: 630073, Russia, Novosibirsk, 20, Karl Marks Av.
Phone Office: (383)346-15-37
E-mail: rajfeld@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 3492-4519Sokolova Darya Olegovna
PhD.
Position: Research Scientist
Office: Novosibirsk State Technical University
Address: 630073, Russia, Novosibirsk, 20, Karl Marks Av.
Phone Office: (383)346-15-37
E-mail: sokolovado@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 5426-3590Spector Alexander Anshelevich
Dr. , Professor
Position: Head of Chair
Office: Novosibirsk State Technical University
Address: 630073, Russia, Novosibirsk, 20, Karl Marks Av.
Phone Office: (383)346-13-78
E-mail: spectoraa@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 5105-1074 References:
[1] Gramann, R.A., Bennett, M.B., OBrien, T.D. Vehicle and personnel detection using seismic sensors. Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Sensors. C31. Information, and Training Technologies for Law Enforcement. 1998; (3577):74 – 85. Doi: 10.1117/12.336952.
[2] Alyamkin S.A., Nezhevenko E.S. Reconstructing the trajectory of a moving object in a seismic detection system with a limited number of sensors. Automation and Remote Control. 2014; 75(2):200-207. Doi: 10.1134/S0005117914020039.
[3] Ghosh, R., Akula, A., Kumar, S., Sardana, H.K. Time–frequency analysis based robust vehicle detection using seismic sensor. Journal of Sound and Vibration. 2015; (346):424-434. Doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2015.02.011
[4] Alyamkin, S.A., Nezhevenko, E.S. Comparative analysis of the efficiency of the Kalman filter and particle filter in solving the problem of object tracking in a seismic security system. Optoelectronics, Instrumentation and Data Processing. 2014; 50(1):54-60. Doi: 10.3103/S8756699014010075.
[5] Chistova, G.K. Modeli i metody obrabotki seysmicheskikh signalov v sistemakh raspoznavaniya [Models and methods for processing of seismic signals in recognition systems]. Penza: Izdatel'stvo Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta; 2003: 196. (In Russ.)
[6] Dudkin, V.A. Varianty postroeniya passivnykh seysmicheskikh lokatorov, osnovannykh na izmerenii vremennykh zaderzhek [Options for the design of passive seismic locators based on the measurement of time delays]. Sovremennye tekhnologii bezopasnosti. 2005; (4):15-17. (In Russ.)
[7] Raifel'd, M.A., Spektor, A.A. Nonparametric Method for Detecting Signals From Seismically Active Objects. Avtometriya. 2005; (6):73–80. (In Russ.)
[8] Liang, Z., Wei, J., Zhao, J. The statistical meaning of kurtosis and its new application to identification of persons based on seismic signals. Sensors. 2008; (8):5106 – 5119. Doi: 10.3390/s8085106.
[9] Spektor, A.A., Filatova, S.G. Otsenka vremennogo polozheniya impul'sov v seysmiche-skikh sistemakh nablyudeniya na osnove markovskoy fil'tratsii [Evaluation for time position of pulses in seismic surveillance systems based on Markov filtering. Avtometriya. 2008; (4):68–74. (In Russ.)
[10] Magauenov, R.G. Sistemy okhrannoy signalizatsii: osnovy teorii i printsipy postroeniya. Uchebnoe posobie. 2-e izdanie, pererabotannoe i dopolnennoe [Alarm systems: basic theory and principles of construction. Textbook.] Moscow: Goryachaya liniya – Telekom; 2008: 496. (In Russ.)
[11] Markhakshinov, A.L., Spektor, A.A. Estimating Local Characteristics of Object Motion in a Seismic Monitoring System. Avtometriya. 2009; (5):48–53. (In Russ.)
[12] Sokolova, D.O., Spektor, A.A. Classification of moving objects based on spectral features of seismic signals. Optoelectronics, Instrumentation and Data Processing. 2012; 48(5):522-528. Doi: 10.3103/S8756699012050135.
[13] Rajfeld, M.A., Korobov, V.V. LOCATION ESTIMATE IN SEISMIC OBSERVATION SYSTEM IN THE INACCURATE KNOWLEDGE OF SIGNAL PROPAGATION IN SOIL. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN HIGHER SCHOOL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 2012; 2(19):87-94. (In Russ.)
[14] Sokolova, D.O., Spektor, A.A. Neparametricheskoe obnaruzhenie stokhasticheskikh sig-nalov, osnovannoe na peresecheniyakh s «nulem» [Nonparametric Detection of stochastic signals, based on the intersections with the “zero”]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo uni-versiteta. Upravlenie, vychislitel'naya tekhnika i informatika. 2013; (1):138– 146. (In Russ.)
[15] Levin, B.R. Teoreticheskie osnovy statisticheskoy radiotekhniki. 3-e izdanie, pererabotannoe I dopolnennoe [Theoretical Foundations of Statistical Radio Engineering]. Moscow: Radio i svyaz'; 1989: 656. (In Russ.)
Bibliography link:
Rajfeld M.A., Sokolova D.O., Spector A.A. Passive seismic location: hardware and basic software // Computational technologies. 2016. V. 21. ¹ 1. P. 116-126
|
