2014 , Volume 19, № 3, p.57-75

Implementation of the Monte-Carlo method for various applications has a long history at the IAO SB USSR AS (at present IAO SB RAS). Initially it was triggered by atmospheric-optical problems applied for propagation of laser radiation in the atmosphere and sensing of its optical and microphysical characteristics. It continued by the vision theory applications in turbid media, etc. In the development and application of the Monte Carlo method we followed two main directions. The first one was focused on application of this method for the solving optical radiation transfer problems through stochastic cloudiness. The second one was focused on adaptation and modification of known algorithms and their subsequent application to a solution of new problems in atmospheric optics and acoustics. We now briefly outline the main results obtained in these directions. For investigations in the framework of the vision theory, we have developed a complex of Monte Carlo algorithms allowing us to account all the factors that influence formation of images of extended and small-size objects in the UV wavelength range. Numerical statistical experiments were performed for a wide range of optical-geometrical conditions of observation of objects located on the Earth surface, in the atmosphere, and outside of it. It allowed us to determine, in particular, the reflection characteristics of objects in the atmosphere, conditions of solar illumination, and directions of sighting to the object at which it becomes invisible. Some results on image formation in active vision systems with range gated receivers are also included in the work. In 2011-2014 we have investigated bistatic (over-the-horizon) electro-optical communication system on scattered radiation. To perform this, a new algorithm of statistical simulation of pulsed transfer characteristics of these communication channels was developed. The algorithm was based on the double local estimation; it reduces computing time by orders of magnitude compared to the classical variant. Examples of parallel calculations by the Monte Carlo method are also given. Results of application of the Monte-Carlo method for estimation of the energy characteristics of acoustic radiation that propagates in vibrant turbulent atmosphere are presented in the present work; we anticipate that the refraction effect is allowed.